Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri

Evaluating the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Optimizing International Logistics and Distribution Networks

Diar Rachmat — 2026-05-05

The rapid globalization of trade and the increasing complexity of supply chains have led to the need for more efficient logistics systems. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology that can optimize international logistics and distribution networks. This study aims to evaluate the role of AI in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of logistics operations by examining its applications in demand forecasting, route optimization, inventory management, and decision-making processes. This study employs a qualitative literature review using a structured review approach to synthesize findings from relevant academic publications. A total of 31 sources, including journal articles and related scholarly publications, were analyzed based on their relevance to AI applications in international logistics and supply chain operations. The analysis identifies three major thematic areas: the integration of AI in global supply chains, the challenges and opportunities associated with AI adoption, and the impact of AI on decision-making and operational efficiency. The findings indicate that AI enhances logistics performance by improving forecasting accuracy, optimizing transportation routes, and supporting data-driven decision-making processes. However, the literature also highlights several barriers to implementation, particularly high initial investment costs, data security concerns, and organizational resistance to technological change. The study concludes that while AI offers substantial benefits, successful implementation requires not only technological capability but also organizational readiness and effective data governance. By synthesizing existing research, this study provides a structured perspective on the role of AI in logistics optimization and highlights key factors influencing its successful adoption in global supply chains.

Analysis of the Suitability of Irrigation Water Quality in the Data Makmur Secondary Canal for Agricultural Crops Based on the SAR and RSC Method Classification

Rifa Raihan — 2026-05-06

This study aims to analyze the suitability of irrigation water quality in the Data Makmur Secondary Canal for agricultural crops based on the SAR and RSC method classifications. This study uses a quantitative approach supported by laboratory analysis. Water sampling was carried out with reference to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-2412-1991 concerning Water Quality Sampling Methods. Irrigation water samples were taken at the observation points of the Data Makmur Secondary Canal, with each sample volume ranging from 200–500 mL. The water samples were then analyzed at the Banda Aceh Industrial Standardization and Services Center and the Environmental Quality Testing Engineering Laboratory of the Chemical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, Syiah Kuala University. The results of the irrigation water quality analysis in the Data Makmur Secondary Canal showed that the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) value for all samples was in the range of 0.3547–0.4471. This value is included in the very good category according to Todd standards (<10 meq/L), thus indicating that the irrigation water does not have the potential to cause sodicity problems and is still safe to use for agricultural activities. However, the Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) value showed a relatively high range, namely 1.927–3.629 meq/L. Based on Eaton's classification (>2.50 mEq/L), most samples are classified as unsuitable for irrigation, except for several points in Sample 2. This condition indicates the potential risk of soil structure degradation must be more closely aligned with the material being extracted and decreased soil permeability if water is used continuously. Therefore, regular water quality monitoring and further studies are needed with additional parameters and sampling points to achieve a more comprehensive representation of irrigation water quality.

Utilization of Post-Coal Mining Reclaimed Land for Livestock Feed and Animal Husbandry Production: Challenges of Microbial Contamination, Heavy Metals, and Nutrient Deficiency

Budi Utomo — 2026-05-03

Coal mining causes significant environmental degradation, transforming land from a stable ecosystem into a disturbed area with complex ecological and chemical challenges. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of post-coal mining reclaimed land as an area for livestock feed and animal husbandry production, focusing on the main research question: Does the land meet specific criteria such as heavy metal thresholds (e.g., Pb <0.3 mg/kg, Cd <0.1 mg/kg according to FAO/WHO), microbial community recovery (enzyme activity >30% increase), and nutrient availability (N, P, K >1% total)? The systematic literature review method involved searching 94 empirical articles from Google Scholar (years 2016-2025), selected based on criteria: empirical research design, English or Indonesian language, complete text, and relevance to the theme of mine land reclamation. Data analysis used a thematic approach to identify main themes related to reclaimed land conditions. The results show that 80% of studies report heavy metal pollution with Pb concentrations ranging from 5-50 mg/kg, Cd 0.5-5 mg/kg, and Hg 0.1-2 mg/kg, which pose a risk of bioaccumulation in feed plants; post-reclamation soil quality improvement trends reach 20-50% for soil organic carbon (SOC) and 30-60% for microbial enzyme activity, although the main constraints are slow microbial community recovery and chronic nutrient deficiency. In conclusion, reclaimed land is conditionally suitable for livestock feed and animal husbandry production if integrated restoration strategies are implemented to address microbial contamination, heavy metals, and nutrients, as well as continuous monitoring to ensure feed safety and animal health.

Evaluating Water Use Efficiency and Water Treatment Systems at 1×1000 MW Coal-Fired Power Plants to Achieve Zero Liquid Discharge at PT XYZ

Henry Prihartanto — 2026-05-04

Water-use efficiency is a strategic issue in large-scale coal-fired steam power plants, given the high operational water demand and the increasing need to implement the Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) concept. However, most previous studies have examined the performance of desalination systems, cooling processes, or wastewater treatment installations separately, thus failing to provide a comprehensive picture of water loss and Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) readiness at the system level. This study adopts an integrated operational water balance approach to analyse water-use efficiency, trace the main pathways of water loss, and evaluate the extent of Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) achieved at a 1×1000 MW coal-fired power plant (PT XYZ). A quantitative case study was conducted using four years of operational data (2019–2022) on seawater inflow, Reverse Osmosis (RO) performance, internal water-use patterns, and Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) efficiency. The analysis results show that total water loss exceeded 60% of the annual volume of seawater taken, while the Reverse Osmosis (RO) recovery rate was low, at 6.07–6.19% during 2019–2021, before increasing to 11.85% in 2022. This condition indicates a significant gap between the system's actual performance and the Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) target. On the other hand, although the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) has consistently achieved pollutant removal efficiencies above 95%, its contribution to overall water recovery improvement remains relatively limited. These findings confirm that integrated water balance analysis can serve as an effective diagnostic tool for linking operational inefficiencies to Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) readiness levels and for providing lessons applicable to water management in power generation systems with high water-use intensity.

The Role of Human Behavior in Urban Infrastructure Adaptation to Climate Change

Ratriana Bunawardi — 2026-05-05

Climate change brings increasingly complex pressures on urban infrastructure systems, including more frequent flooding events, increased temperature extremes, and disruptions in essential public services. This study examines the role of human behavior as a critical factor in strengthening infrastructure’s adaptive capacity in response to such climatic dynamics. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining urban residents’ behavioral surveys, analysis of adaptive policy frameworks, and evaluation of critical infrastructure readiness. The findings indicate that risk perception, climate literacy levels, and individual decision-making patterns significantly influence the effectiveness of adaptation strategies. These results affirm that successful adaptation is not solely determined by technology or the physical design of infrastructure, but also by the extent to which communities internalize mitigation practices and adaptive responses. This article recommends multisectoral collaboration, particularly through coordinated policy implementation, community engagement programs, and integrated urban planning among government agencies, urban planners, and communities, to develop more behaviorally responsive adaptation schemes that enhance long-term urban resilience to climate change stressors.

Lean Manufacturing Strategy Based on Value Stream Mapping to Increase Production Process Efficiency in the Manufacturing Industry

Edi Sumarya — 2026-05-04

remain competitive in a globalized market. Lean Manufacturing, particularly through the implementation of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) has been shown to be a highly effective strategy for improving production procedures through reducing waste, improving quality, and enhancing overall efficiency. This research uses a qualitative approach method via a review of existing literature to examine how Lean Manufacturing and VSM can improve production efficiency in manufacturing industries. The novelty of this study lies in systematically synthesizing empirical evidence on the combined application of Lean and VSM, highlighting not only operational improvements but also long-term sustainability and employee engagement, which have been less emphasized in prior studies. The findings indicate that Lean practices, when coupled with VSM, lead to significant reductions in lead times, waste, and inventory levels, while improving product quality and employee engagement. Key improvements observed include an 80% reduction in lead times, 75% reduction in waste, and 85% improvement in inventory management. The study also highlights challenges encountered during Lean implementation, such as resistance to change and the requirement for extensive training. Overall, the research demonstrates that Lean Manufacturing, supported by VSM, significantly enhances production efficiency, provides long-term operational benefits, and offers practical insights for organizations aiming to optimize manufacturing processes. Future studies should focus on integrating Lean with emerging digital technologies and exploring its application in complex manufacturing systems to further optimize workflows and sustain competitive advantage.

Calculation of Erosion Rate and Conservation Efforts in the Lut Tawar Sub-Watershed

Hiwana Alfadhila — 2026-05-05

This study aims to analyze the level of erosion hazard (TBE) and formulate alternative soil and water conservation efforts that are appropriate to the conditions of the Lut Tawar Sub-watershed. The approach used is the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method. Analysis of the magnitude of erosion (A) is carried out by calculating the rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility (K), slope length and gradient (LS), as well as plant management and conservation action factors (CP) in each land map unit (SPL). The results of the study show that the analysis of the erosion hazard level (TBE)—the potential for water erosion—indicates that the TBE value of 0.02 is included in the very light category. The TBE value in the range of 1.07–1.33 is classified as light, while the TBE value of 2.39 is included in the moderate category. Furthermore, the TBE value in the range of 3.95–6.51 indicates a severe level of erosion hazard, and the TBE value is very severe, namely 8.04 to 346.23. Overall, the TBE pattern at the site is classified as high, indicating that some SSTs are vulnerable to soil damage due to erosion. This is primarily influenced by a combination of very high actual erosion rates and relatively low Etol values in several soil types. Soil conservation efforts consist of mechanical conservation and vegetative conservation. Mechanical conservation includes the application of terracing and contour land management. Meanwhile, vegetative conservation is carried out through the planting of ground cover plants and the development of agroforestry systems on sloping land. This research can support sustainable management planning for the Lut Tawar Subwatershed and be used as a consideration in the formulation of soil and water conservation policies.

Evaluation Study of Critical Zones and Damaged Zones of Semarang City Groundwater Utilization Based on Geospatial Modeling

Widya Kurniawan — 2026-05-04

The Energy and Mineral Resources Office of Central Java Province has proposed the evaluation of the CAT Semarang-Demak groundwater conservation zone for the 2022 fiscal year. There it was announced that the evaluation in the Semarang-Demak Groundwater Watershed (CAT) in Semarang City, there is already a critical utilization zone (mera). Groundwater withdrawal, which tends to be more intensive over time, will have an impact on the quantity, quality, and carrying capacity of the local environment, and can lead to groundwater level subsidence and land subsidence. As an effort to fight and anticipate further environmental damage, groundwater management in Semarang City needs to be evaluated. This evaluation uses a geographic information system (GIS)-based approach method in making a spatial model of the damaged groundwater utilization zone in the Semarang City Groundwater Basin. This evaluation was carried out to determine the distribution and characteristics of the aquifer, hydrogeological conditions, groundwater and environmental conditions, groundwater protected areas, water needs for the community and its development. The results of the Evaluation, Mapping, and Analysis Study of Damaged Zones for Groundwater Utilization in Groundwater Catchment Areas in Semarang City can be used as a reference for the Central Java Provincial Government in making groundwater management policies according to its authority.